- Merged with upstream version
[rtl-433.git] / src / librtlsdr.c
diff --git a/src/librtlsdr.c b/src/librtlsdr.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 50c536a..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1696 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * rtl-sdr, turns your Realtek RTL2832 based DVB dongle into a SDR receiver
- * Copyright (C) 2012 by Steve Markgraf <steve@steve-m.de>
- * Copyright (C) 2012 by Dimitri Stolnikov <horiz0n@gmx.net>
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#ifndef _WIN32
-#include <unistd.h>
-#define min(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
-#endif
-
-#include <libusb.h>
-
-/*
- * All libusb callback functions should be marked with the LIBUSB_CALL macro
- * to ensure that they are compiled with the same calling convention as libusb.
- *
- * If the macro isn't available in older libusb versions, we simply define it.
- */
-#ifndef LIBUSB_CALL
-#define LIBUSB_CALL
-#endif
-
-/* two raised to the power of n */
-#define TWO_POW(n)             ((double)(1ULL<<(n)))
-
-#include "rtl-sdr.h"
-#include "tuner_e4k.h"
-#include "tuner_fc0012.h"
-#include "tuner_fc0013.h"
-#include "tuner_fc2580.h"
-#include "tuner_r820t.h"
-
-typedef struct rtlsdr_tuner_iface {
-       /* tuner interface */
-       int (*init)(void *);
-       int (*exit)(void *);
-       int (*set_freq)(void *, uint32_t freq /* Hz */);
-       int (*set_bw)(void *, int bw /* Hz */);
-       int (*set_gain)(void *, int gain /* tenth dB */);
-       int (*set_if_gain)(void *, int stage, int gain /* tenth dB */);
-       int (*set_gain_mode)(void *, int manual);
-} rtlsdr_tuner_iface_t;
-
-enum rtlsdr_async_status {
-       RTLSDR_INACTIVE = 0,
-       RTLSDR_CANCELING,
-       RTLSDR_RUNNING
-};
-
-struct rtlsdr_dev {
-       libusb_context *ctx;
-       struct libusb_device_handle *devh;
-       uint32_t xfer_buf_num;
-       uint32_t xfer_buf_len;
-       struct libusb_transfer **xfer;
-       unsigned char **xfer_buf;
-       rtlsdr_read_async_cb_t cb;
-       void *cb_ctx;
-       enum rtlsdr_async_status async_status;
-       /* rtl demod context */
-       uint32_t rate; /* Hz */
-       uint32_t rtl_xtal; /* Hz */
-       int direct_sampling;
-       /* tuner context */
-       enum rtlsdr_tuner tuner_type;
-       rtlsdr_tuner_iface_t *tuner;
-       uint32_t tun_xtal; /* Hz */
-       uint32_t freq; /* Hz */
-       uint32_t offs_freq; /* Hz */
-       int corr; /* ppm */
-       int gain; /* tenth dB */
-       struct e4k_state e4k_s;
-};
-
-void rtlsdr_set_gpio_bit(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t gpio, int val);
-
-/* generic tuner interface functions, shall be moved to the tuner implementations */
-int e4000_init(void *dev) {
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-       devt->e4k_s.i2c_addr = E4K_I2C_ADDR;
-       rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq(devt, NULL, &devt->e4k_s.vco.fosc);
-       devt->e4k_s.rtl_dev = dev;
-       return e4k_init(&devt->e4k_s);
-}
-int e4000_exit(void *dev) { return 0; }
-int e4000_set_freq(void *dev, uint32_t freq) {
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-       return e4k_tune_freq(&devt->e4k_s, freq);
-}
-
-int e4000_set_bw(void *dev, int bw) {
-       int r = 0;
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-
-       r |= e4k_if_filter_bw_set(&devt->e4k_s, E4K_IF_FILTER_MIX, bw);
-       r |= e4k_if_filter_bw_set(&devt->e4k_s, E4K_IF_FILTER_RC, bw);
-       r |= e4k_if_filter_bw_set(&devt->e4k_s, E4K_IF_FILTER_CHAN, bw);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int e4000_set_gain(void *dev, int gain) {
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-       int mixgain = (gain > 340) ? 12 : 4;
-#if 0
-       int enhgain = (gain - 420);
-#endif
-       if(e4k_set_lna_gain(&devt->e4k_s, min(300, gain - mixgain * 10)) == -EINVAL)
-               return -1;
-       if(e4k_mixer_gain_set(&devt->e4k_s, mixgain) == -EINVAL)
-               return -1;
-#if 0 /* enhanced mixer gain seems to have no effect */
-       if(enhgain >= 0)
-               if(e4k_set_enh_gain(&devt->e4k_s, enhgain) == -EINVAL)
-                       return -1;
-#endif
-       return 0;
-}
-int e4000_set_if_gain(void *dev, int stage, int gain) {
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-       return e4k_if_gain_set(&devt->e4k_s, (uint8_t)stage, (int8_t)(gain / 10));
-}
-int e4000_set_gain_mode(void *dev, int manual) {
-       rtlsdr_dev_t* devt = (rtlsdr_dev_t*)dev;
-       return e4k_enable_manual_gain(&devt->e4k_s, manual);
-}
-
-int _fc0012_init(void *dev) { return fc0012_init(dev); }
-int fc0012_exit(void *dev) { return 0; }
-int fc0012_set_freq(void *dev, uint32_t freq) {
-       /* select V-band/U-band filter */
-       rtlsdr_set_gpio_bit(dev, 6, (freq > 300000000) ? 1 : 0);
-       return fc0012_set_params(dev, freq, 6000000);
-}
-int fc0012_set_bw(void *dev, int bw) { return 0; }
-int _fc0012_set_gain(void *dev, int gain) { return fc0012_set_gain(dev, gain); }
-int fc0012_set_gain_mode(void *dev, int manual) { return 0; }
-
-int _fc0013_init(void *dev) { return fc0013_init(dev); }
-int fc0013_exit(void *dev) { return 0; }
-int fc0013_set_freq(void *dev, uint32_t freq) {
-       return fc0013_set_params(dev, freq, 6000000);
-}
-int fc0013_set_bw(void *dev, int bw) { return 0; }
-int _fc0013_set_gain(void *dev, int gain) { return fc0013_set_lna_gain(dev, gain); }
-
-int fc2580_init(void *dev) { return fc2580_Initialize(dev); }
-int fc2580_exit(void *dev) { return 0; }
-int _fc2580_set_freq(void *dev, uint32_t freq) {
-       return fc2580_SetRfFreqHz(dev, freq);
-}
-int fc2580_set_bw(void *dev, int bw) { return fc2580_SetBandwidthMode(dev, 1); }
-int fc2580_set_gain(void *dev, int gain) { return 0; }
-int fc2580_set_gain_mode(void *dev, int manual) { return 0; }
-
-int r820t_init(void *dev) {
-       int r = R828_Init(dev);
-       r820t_SetStandardMode(dev, DVB_T_6M);
-       return r;
-}
-int r820t_exit(void *dev) { return 0; }
-int r820t_set_freq(void *dev, uint32_t freq) { return r820t_SetRfFreqHz(dev, freq); }
-int r820t_set_bw(void *dev, int bw) { return 0; }
-int r820t_set_gain(void *dev, int gain) { return R828_SetRfGain(dev, gain); }
-int r820t_set_gain_mode(void *dev, int manual) { return R828_RfGainMode(dev, manual); }
-
-/* definition order must match enum rtlsdr_tuner */
-static rtlsdr_tuner_iface_t tuners[] = {
-       {
-               NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL /* dummy for unknown tuners */
-       },
-       {
-               e4000_init, e4000_exit,
-               e4000_set_freq, e4000_set_bw, e4000_set_gain, e4000_set_if_gain,
-               e4000_set_gain_mode
-       },
-       {
-               _fc0012_init, fc0012_exit,
-               fc0012_set_freq, fc0012_set_bw, _fc0012_set_gain, NULL,
-               fc0012_set_gain_mode
-       },
-       {
-               _fc0013_init, fc0013_exit,
-               fc0013_set_freq, fc0013_set_bw, _fc0013_set_gain, NULL,
-               fc0013_set_gain_mode
-       },
-       {
-               fc2580_init, fc2580_exit,
-               _fc2580_set_freq, fc2580_set_bw, fc2580_set_gain, NULL,
-               fc2580_set_gain_mode
-       },
-       {
-               r820t_init, r820t_exit,
-               r820t_set_freq, r820t_set_bw, r820t_set_gain, NULL,
-               r820t_set_gain_mode
-       },
-};
-
-typedef struct rtlsdr_dongle {
-       uint16_t vid;
-       uint16_t pid;
-       const char *name;
-} rtlsdr_dongle_t;
-
-/*
- * Please add your device here and send a patch to osmocom-sdr@lists.osmocom.org
- */
-static rtlsdr_dongle_t known_devices[] = {
-       { 0x0bda, 0x2832, "Generic RTL2832U (e.g. hama nano)" },
-       { 0x0bda, 0x2838, "ezcap USB 2.0 DVB-T/DAB/FM dongle" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00a9, "Terratec Cinergy T Stick Black (rev 1)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00b3, "Terratec NOXON DAB/DAB+ USB dongle (rev 1)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00b4, "Terratec NOXON DAB/DAB+ USB dongle (rev 1)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00b7, "Terratec NOXON DAB/DAB+ USB dongle (rev 1)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00c6, "Terratec NOXON DAB/DAB+ USB dongle (rev 1)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00d3, "Terratec Cinergy T Stick RC (Rev.3)" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00d7, "Terratec T Stick PLUS" },
-       { 0x0ccd, 0x00e0, "Terratec NOXON DAB/DAB+ USB dongle (rev 2)" },
-       { 0x1554, 0x5020, "PixelView PV-DT235U(RN)" },
-       { 0x185b, 0x0620, "Compro Videomate U620F"},
-       { 0x185b, 0x0650, "Compro Videomate U650F"},
-       { 0x185b, 0x0680, "Compro Videomate U680F"},
-       { 0x1f4d, 0xa803, "Sweex DVB-T USB" },
-       { 0x1f4d, 0xb803, "GTek T803" },
-       { 0x1f4d, 0xc803, "Lifeview LV5TDeluxe" },
-       { 0x1f4d, 0xd286, "MyGica TD312" },
-       { 0x1f4d, 0xd803, "PROlectrix DV107669" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd398, "Zaapa ZT-MINDVBZP" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd3a4, "Twintech UT-40" },
-       { 0x1d19, 0x1101, "Dexatek DK DVB-T Dongle (Logilink VG0002A)" },
-       { 0x1d19, 0x1102, "Dexatek DK DVB-T Dongle (MSI DigiVox mini II V3.0)" },
-       { 0x1d19, 0x1103, "Dexatek Technology Ltd. DK 5217 DVB-T Dongle" },
-       { 0x1d19, 0x1104, "MSI DigiVox Micro HD" },
-       { 0x0458, 0x707f, "Genius TVGo DVB-T03 USB dongle (Ver. B)" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd393, "GIGABYTE GT-U7300" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd394, "DIKOM USB-DVBT HD" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd395, "Peak 102569AGPK" },
-       { 0x1b80, 0xd39d, "SVEON STV20 DVB-T USB & FM" },
-};
-
-#define DEFAULT_BUF_NUMBER     32
-#define DEFAULT_BUF_LENGTH     (16 * 32 * 512)
-
-#define DEF_RTL_XTAL_FREQ      28800000
-#define MIN_RTL_XTAL_FREQ      (DEF_RTL_XTAL_FREQ - 1000)
-#define MAX_RTL_XTAL_FREQ      (DEF_RTL_XTAL_FREQ + 1000)
-
-#define MAX_SAMP_RATE          3200000
-
-#define CTRL_IN                (LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_VENDOR | LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN)
-#define CTRL_OUT       (LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_VENDOR | LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT)
-#define CTRL_TIMEOUT   300
-#define BULK_TIMEOUT   0
-
-#define EEPROM_ADDR    0xa0
-
-enum usb_reg {
-       USB_SYSCTL              = 0x2000,
-       USB_CTRL                = 0x2010,
-       USB_STAT                = 0x2014,
-       USB_EPA_CFG             = 0x2144,
-       USB_EPA_CTL             = 0x2148,
-       USB_EPA_MAXPKT          = 0x2158,
-       USB_EPA_MAXPKT_2        = 0x215a,
-       USB_EPA_FIFO_CFG        = 0x2160,
-};
-
-enum sys_reg {
-       DEMOD_CTL               = 0x3000,
-       GPO                     = 0x3001,
-       GPI                     = 0x3002,
-       GPOE                    = 0x3003,
-       GPD                     = 0x3004,
-       SYSINTE                 = 0x3005,
-       SYSINTS                 = 0x3006,
-       GP_CFG0                 = 0x3007,
-       GP_CFG1                 = 0x3008,
-       SYSINTE_1               = 0x3009,
-       SYSINTS_1               = 0x300a,
-       DEMOD_CTL_1             = 0x300b,
-       IR_SUSPEND              = 0x300c,
-};
-
-enum blocks {
-       DEMODB                  = 0,
-       USBB                    = 1,
-       SYSB                    = 2,
-       TUNB                    = 3,
-       ROMB                    = 4,
-       IRB                     = 5,
-       IICB                    = 6,
-};
-
-int rtlsdr_read_array(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t block, uint16_t addr, uint8_t *array, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       uint16_t index = (block << 8);
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_IN, 0, addr, index, array, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-#if 0
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-#endif
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_write_array(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t block, uint16_t addr, uint8_t *array, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       uint16_t index = (block << 8) | 0x10;
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_OUT, 0, addr, index, array, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-#if 0
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-#endif
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_i2c_write_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t i2c_addr, uint8_t reg, uint8_t val)
-{
-       uint16_t addr = i2c_addr;
-       uint8_t data[2];
-
-       data[0] = reg;
-       data[1] = val;
-       return rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, addr, (uint8_t *)&data, 2);
-}
-
-uint8_t rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t i2c_addr, uint8_t reg)
-{
-       uint16_t addr = i2c_addr;
-       uint8_t data = 0;
-
-       rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, addr, &reg, 1);
-       rtlsdr_read_array(dev, IICB, addr, &data, 1);
-
-       return data;
-}
-
-/* TODO clean this up again */
-int e4k_reg_write(struct e4k_state *e4k, uint8_t reg, uint8_t val)
-{
-       return rtlsdr_i2c_write_reg((rtlsdr_dev_t*)e4k->rtl_dev, e4k->i2c_addr, reg, val);}
-
-uint8_t e4k_reg_read(struct e4k_state *e4k, uint8_t reg)
-{
-       return rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg((rtlsdr_dev_t*)e4k->rtl_dev, e4k->i2c_addr, reg);
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_i2c_write(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t i2c_addr, uint8_t *buffer, int len)
-{
-       uint16_t addr = i2c_addr;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, addr, buffer, len);
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_i2c_read(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t i2c_addr, uint8_t *buffer, int len)
-{
-       uint16_t addr = i2c_addr;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return rtlsdr_read_array(dev, IICB, addr, buffer, len);
-}
-
-uint16_t rtlsdr_read_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t block, uint16_t addr, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       unsigned char data[2];
-       uint16_t index = (block << 8);
-       uint16_t reg;
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_IN, 0, addr, index, data, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-
-       reg = (data[1] << 8) | data[0];
-
-       return reg;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_write_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t block, uint16_t addr, uint16_t val, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       unsigned char data[2];
-
-       uint16_t index = (block << 8) | 0x10;
-
-       if (len == 1)
-               data[0] = val & 0xff;
-       else
-               data[0] = val >> 8;
-
-       data[1] = val & 0xff;
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_OUT, 0, addr, index, data, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-uint16_t rtlsdr_demod_read_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t page, uint16_t addr, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       unsigned char data[2];
-
-       uint16_t index = page;
-       uint16_t reg;
-       addr = (addr << 8) | 0x20;
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_IN, 0, addr, index, data, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-
-       reg = (data[1] << 8) | data[0];
-
-       return reg;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t page, uint16_t addr, uint16_t val, uint8_t len)
-{
-       int r;
-       unsigned char data[2];
-       uint16_t index = 0x10 | page;
-       addr = (addr << 8) | 0x20;
-
-       if (len == 1)
-               data[0] = val & 0xff;
-       else
-               data[0] = val >> 8;
-
-       data[1] = val & 0xff;
-
-       r = libusb_control_transfer(dev->devh, CTRL_OUT, 0, addr, index, data, len, CTRL_TIMEOUT);
-
-       if (r < 0)
-               fprintf(stderr, "%s failed with %d\n", __FUNCTION__, r);
-
-       rtlsdr_demod_read_reg(dev, 0x0a, 0x01, 1);
-
-       return (r == len) ? 0 : -1;
-}
-
-void rtlsdr_set_gpio_bit(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t gpio, int val)
-{
-       uint8_t r;
-
-       gpio = 1 << gpio;
-       r = rtlsdr_read_reg(dev, SYSB, GPO, 1);
-       r = val ? (r | gpio) : (r & ~gpio);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, GPO, r, 1);
-}
-
-void rtlsdr_set_gpio_output(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t gpio)
-{
-       int r;
-       gpio = 1 << gpio;
-
-       r = rtlsdr_read_reg(dev, SYSB, GPD, 1);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, GPO, r & ~gpio, 1);
-       r = rtlsdr_read_reg(dev, SYSB, GPOE, 1);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, GPOE, r | gpio, 1);
-}
-
-void rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int on)
-{
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x01, on ? 0x18 : 0x10, 1);
-}
-
-void rtlsdr_init_baseband(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       unsigned int i;
-
-       /* default FIR coefficients used for DAB/FM by the Windows driver,
-        * the DVB driver uses different ones */
-       uint8_t fir_coeff[] = {
-               0xca, 0xdc, 0xd7, 0xd8, 0xe0, 0xf2, 0x0e, 0x35, 0x06, 0x50,
-               0x9c, 0x0d, 0x71, 0x11, 0x14, 0x71, 0x74, 0x19, 0x41, 0xa5,
-       };
-
-       /* initialize USB */
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_SYSCTL, 0x09, 1);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_EPA_MAXPKT, 0x0002, 2);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_EPA_CTL, 0x1002, 2);
-
-       /* poweron demod */
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, DEMOD_CTL_1, 0x22, 1);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, DEMOD_CTL, 0xe8, 1);
-
-       /* reset demod (bit 3, soft_rst) */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x01, 0x14, 1);
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x01, 0x10, 1);
-
-       /* disable spectrum inversion and adjacent channel rejection */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x15, 0x00, 1);
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x16, 0x0000, 2);
-
-       /* clear both DDC shift and IF frequency registers  */
-       for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-               rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x16 + i, 0x00, 1);
-
-       /* set FIR coefficients */
-       for (i = 0; i < sizeof (fir_coeff); i++)
-               rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x1c + i, fir_coeff[i], 1);
-
-       /* enable SDR mode, disable DAGC (bit 5) */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x19, 0x05, 1);
-
-       /* init FSM state-holding register */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x93, 0xf0, 1);
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x94, 0x0f, 1);
-
-       /* disable AGC (en_dagc, bit 0) (this seems to have no effect) */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x11, 0x00, 1);
-
-       /* disable RF and IF AGC loop */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x04, 0x00, 1);
-
-       /* disable PID filter (enable_PID = 0) */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x61, 0x60, 1);
-
-       /* opt_adc_iq = 0, default ADC_I/ADC_Q datapath */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x06, 0x80, 1);
-
-       /* Enable Zero-IF mode (en_bbin bit), DC cancellation (en_dc_est),
-        * IQ estimation/compensation (en_iq_comp, en_iq_est) */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0xb1, 0x1b, 1);
-
-       /* disable 4.096 MHz clock output on pin TP_CK0 */
-       rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x0d, 0x83, 1);
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_deinit_baseband(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->exit) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               r = dev->tuner->exit(dev); /* deinitialize tuner */
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       /* poweroff demodulator and ADCs */
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, SYSB, DEMOD_CTL, 0x20, 1);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_if_freq(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint32_t freq)
-{
-       uint32_t rtl_xtal;
-       int32_t if_freq;
-       uint8_t tmp;
-       int r;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* read corrected clock value */
-       if (rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq(dev, &rtl_xtal, NULL))
-               return -2;
-
-       if_freq = ((freq * TWO_POW(22)) / rtl_xtal) * (-1);
-
-       tmp = (if_freq >> 16) & 0x3f;
-       r = rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x19, tmp, 1);
-       tmp = (if_freq >> 8) & 0xff;
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x1a, tmp, 1);
-       tmp = if_freq & 0xff;
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x1b, tmp, 1);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_sample_freq_correction(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int ppm)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-       uint8_t tmp;
-       int16_t offs = ppm * (-1) * TWO_POW(24) / 1000000;
-
-       tmp = offs & 0xff;
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x3f, tmp, 1);
-       tmp = (offs >> 8) & 0x3f;
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x3e, tmp, 1);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_xtal_freq(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint32_t rtl_freq, uint32_t tuner_freq)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (rtl_freq > 0 &&
-               (rtl_freq < MIN_RTL_XTAL_FREQ || rtl_freq > MAX_RTL_XTAL_FREQ))
-               return -2;
-
-       if (rtl_freq > 0 && dev->rtl_xtal != rtl_freq) {
-               dev->rtl_xtal = rtl_freq;
-
-               /* update xtal-dependent settings */
-               if (dev->rate)
-                       r = rtlsdr_set_sample_rate(dev, dev->rate);
-       }
-
-       if (dev->tun_xtal != tuner_freq) {
-               if (0 == tuner_freq)
-                       dev->tun_xtal = dev->rtl_xtal;
-               else
-                       dev->tun_xtal = tuner_freq;
-
-               /* read corrected clock value into e4k structure */
-               if (rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq(dev, NULL, &dev->e4k_s.vco.fosc))
-                       return -3;
-
-               /* update xtal-dependent settings */
-               if (dev->freq)
-                       r = rtlsdr_set_center_freq(dev, dev->freq);
-       }
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint32_t *rtl_freq, uint32_t *tuner_freq)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       #define APPLY_PPM_CORR(val,ppm) (((val) * (1.0 + (ppm) / 1e6)))
-
-       if (rtl_freq)
-               *rtl_freq = (uint32_t) APPLY_PPM_CORR(dev->rtl_xtal, dev->corr);
-
-       if (tuner_freq)
-               *tuner_freq = (uint32_t) APPLY_PPM_CORR(dev->tun_xtal, dev->corr);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_usb_strings(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, char *manufact, char *product,
-                           char *serial)
-{
-       struct libusb_device_descriptor dd;
-       libusb_device *device = NULL;
-       const int buf_max = 256;
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev || !dev->devh)
-               return -1;
-
-       device = libusb_get_device(dev->devh);
-
-       r = libusb_get_device_descriptor(device, &dd);
-       if (r < 0)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (manufact) {
-               memset(manufact, 0, buf_max);
-               libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(dev->devh, dd.iManufacturer,
-                                                  (unsigned char *)manufact,
-                                                  buf_max);
-       }
-
-       if (product) {
-               memset(product, 0, buf_max);
-               libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(dev->devh, dd.iProduct,
-                                                  (unsigned char *)product,
-                                                  buf_max);
-       }
-
-       if (serial) {
-               memset(serial, 0, buf_max);
-               libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(dev->devh, dd.iSerialNumber,
-                                                  (unsigned char *)serial,
-                                                  buf_max);
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_write_eeprom(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t *data, uint8_t offset, uint16_t len)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-       int i;
-       uint8_t cmd[2];
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if ((len + offset) > 256)
-               return -2;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               cmd[0] = i + offset;
-               r = rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, EEPROM_ADDR, cmd, 1);
-               r = rtlsdr_read_array(dev, IICB, EEPROM_ADDR, &cmd[1], 1);
-
-               /* only write the byte if it differs */
-               if (cmd[1] == data[i])
-                       continue;
-
-               cmd[1] = data[i];
-               r = rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, EEPROM_ADDR, cmd, 2);
-               if (r != sizeof(cmd))
-                       return -3;
-
-               /* for some EEPROMs (e.g. ATC 240LC02) we need a delay
-                * between write operations, otherwise they will fail */
-#ifdef _WIN32
-               Sleep(5);
-#else
-               usleep(5000);
-#endif
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_read_eeprom(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint8_t *data, uint8_t offset, uint16_t len)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-       int i;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if ((len + offset) > 256)
-               return -2;
-
-       r = rtlsdr_write_array(dev, IICB, EEPROM_ADDR, &offset, 1);
-       if (r < 0)
-               return -3;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
-               r = rtlsdr_read_array(dev, IICB, EEPROM_ADDR, data + i, 1);
-
-               if (r < 0)
-                       return -3;
-       }
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_center_freq(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint32_t freq)
-{
-       int r = -1;
-
-       if (!dev || !dev->tuner)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->direct_sampling) {
-               r = rtlsdr_set_if_freq(dev, freq);
-       } else if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->set_freq) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               r = dev->tuner->set_freq(dev, freq - dev->offs_freq);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       if (!r)
-               dev->freq = freq;
-       else
-               dev->freq = 0;
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-uint32_t rtlsdr_get_center_freq(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return 0;
-
-       return dev->freq;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_freq_correction(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int ppm)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->corr == ppm)
-               return -2;
-
-       dev->corr = ppm;
-
-       r |= rtlsdr_set_sample_freq_correction(dev, ppm);
-
-       /* read corrected clock value into e4k structure */
-       if (rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq(dev, NULL, &dev->e4k_s.vco.fosc))
-               return -3;
-
-       if (dev->freq) /* retune to apply new correction value */
-               r |= rtlsdr_set_center_freq(dev, dev->freq);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_freq_correction(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return 0;
-
-       return dev->corr;
-}
-
-enum rtlsdr_tuner rtlsdr_get_tuner_type(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return RTLSDR_TUNER_UNKNOWN;
-
-       return dev->tuner_type;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_tuner_gains(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int *gains)
-{
-       /* all gain values are expressed in tenths of a dB */
-       const int e4k_gains[] = { -10, 15, 40, 65, 90, 115, 140, 165, 190, 215,
-                                 240, 290, 340, 420 };
-       const int fc0012_gains[] = { -99, -40, 71, 179, 192 };
-       const int fc0013_gains[] = { -99, -73, -65, -63, -60, -58, -54, 58, 61,
-                                      63, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 179, 181, 182,
-                                      184, 186, 188, 191, 197 };
-       const int fc2580_gains[] = { 0 /* no gain values */ };
-       const int r820t_gains[] = { 0, 9, 14, 27, 37, 77, 87, 125, 144, 157,
-                                    166, 197, 207, 229, 254, 280, 297, 328,
-                                    338, 364, 372, 386, 402, 421, 434, 439,
-                                    445, 480, 496 };
-       const int unknown_gains[] = { 0 /* no gain values */ };
-
-       const int *ptr = NULL;
-       int len = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       switch (dev->tuner_type) {
-       case RTLSDR_TUNER_E4000:
-               ptr = e4k_gains; len = sizeof(e4k_gains);
-               break;
-       case RTLSDR_TUNER_FC0012:
-               ptr = fc0012_gains; len = sizeof(fc0012_gains);
-               break;
-       case RTLSDR_TUNER_FC0013:
-               ptr = fc0013_gains; len = sizeof(fc0013_gains);
-               break;
-       case RTLSDR_TUNER_FC2580:
-               ptr = fc2580_gains; len = sizeof(fc2580_gains);
-               break;
-       case RTLSDR_TUNER_R820T:
-               ptr = r820t_gains; len = sizeof(r820t_gains);
-               break;
-       default:
-               ptr = unknown_gains; len = sizeof(unknown_gains);
-               break;
-       }
-
-       if (!gains) { /* no buffer provided, just return the count */
-               return len / sizeof(int);
-       } else {
-               if (len)
-                       memcpy(gains, ptr, len);
-
-               return len / sizeof(int);
-       }
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_tuner_gain(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int gain)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev || !dev->tuner)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->tuner->set_gain) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               r = dev->tuner->set_gain((void *)dev, gain);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       if (!r)
-               dev->gain = gain;
-       else
-               dev->gain = 0;
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_tuner_gain(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return 0;
-
-       return dev->gain;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_tuner_if_gain(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int stage, int gain)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev || !dev->tuner)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->tuner->set_if_gain) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               r = dev->tuner->set_if_gain(dev, stage, gain);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_tuner_gain_mode(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int mode)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev || !dev->tuner)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->tuner->set_gain_mode) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               r = dev->tuner->set_gain_mode((void *)dev, mode);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_sample_rate(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, uint32_t samp_rate)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-       uint16_t tmp;
-       uint32_t rsamp_ratio;
-       double real_rate;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* check for the maximum rate the resampler supports */
-       if (samp_rate > MAX_SAMP_RATE)
-               samp_rate = MAX_SAMP_RATE;
-
-       rsamp_ratio = (dev->rtl_xtal * TWO_POW(22)) / samp_rate;
-       rsamp_ratio &= ~3;
-
-       real_rate = (dev->rtl_xtal * TWO_POW(22)) / rsamp_ratio;
-
-       if ( ((double)samp_rate) != real_rate )
-               fprintf(stderr, "Exact sample rate is: %f Hz\n", real_rate);
-
-       if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->set_bw) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               dev->tuner->set_bw(dev, (int)real_rate);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       dev->rate = (uint32_t)real_rate;
-
-       tmp = (rsamp_ratio >> 16);
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x9f, tmp, 2);
-       tmp = rsamp_ratio & 0xffff;
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0xa1, tmp, 2);
-
-       r |= rtlsdr_set_sample_freq_correction(dev, dev->corr);
-
-       /* reset demod (bit 3, soft_rst) */
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x01, 0x14, 1);
-       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x01, 0x10, 1);
-
-       /* recalculate offset frequency if offset tuning is enabled */
-       if (dev->offs_freq)
-               rtlsdr_set_offset_tuning(dev, 1);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-uint32_t rtlsdr_get_sample_rate(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return 0;
-
-       return dev->rate;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_testmode(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int on)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x19, on ? 0x03 : 0x05, 1);
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_agc_mode(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int on)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x19, on ? 0x25 : 0x05, 1);
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_direct_sampling(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int on)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (on) {
-               if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->exit) {
-                       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-                       r = dev->tuner->exit(dev);
-                       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-               }
-
-               /* disable Zero-IF mode */
-               r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0xb1, 0x1a, 1);
-
-               /* disable spectrum inversion */
-               r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x15, 0x00, 1);
-
-               /* only enable In-phase ADC input */
-               r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x08, 0x4d, 1);
-
-               /* swap I and Q ADC, this allows to select between two inputs */
-               r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x06, (on > 1) ? 0x90 : 0x80, 1);
-
-               fprintf(stderr, "Enabled direct sampling mode, input %i\n", on);
-               dev->direct_sampling = on;
-       } else {
-               if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->init) {
-                       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-                       r |= dev->tuner->init(dev);
-                       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-               }
-
-               if (dev->tuner_type == RTLSDR_TUNER_R820T) {
-                       r |= rtlsdr_set_if_freq(dev, R820T_IF_FREQ);
-
-                       /* enable spectrum inversion */
-                       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x15, 0x01, 1);
-               } else {
-                       r |= rtlsdr_set_if_freq(dev, 0);
-
-                       /* enable In-phase + Quadrature ADC input */
-                       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x08, 0xcd, 1);
-
-                       /* Enable Zero-IF mode */
-                       r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0xb1, 0x1b, 1);
-               }
-
-               /* opt_adc_iq = 0, default ADC_I/ADC_Q datapath */
-               r |= rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x06, 0x80, 1);
-
-               fprintf(stderr, "Disabled direct sampling mode\n");
-               dev->direct_sampling = 0;
-       }
-
-       r |= rtlsdr_set_center_freq(dev, dev->freq);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_direct_sampling(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return dev->direct_sampling;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_set_offset_tuning(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, int on)
-{
-       int r = 0;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->tuner_type == RTLSDR_TUNER_R820T)
-               return -2;
-
-       if (dev->direct_sampling)
-               return -3;
-
-       /* based on keenerds 1/f noise measurements */
-       dev->offs_freq = on ? ((dev->rate / 2) * 170 / 100) : 0;
-       r |= rtlsdr_set_if_freq(dev, dev->offs_freq);
-
-       if (dev->tuner && dev->tuner->set_bw) {
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-               dev->tuner->set_bw(dev, on ? (2 * dev->offs_freq) : dev->rate);
-               rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-       }
-
-       if (dev->freq > dev->offs_freq)
-               r |= rtlsdr_set_center_freq(dev, dev->freq);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_offset_tuning(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return (dev->offs_freq) ? 1 : 0;
-}
-
-static rtlsdr_dongle_t *find_known_device(uint16_t vid, uint16_t pid)
-{
-       unsigned int i;
-       rtlsdr_dongle_t *device = NULL;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < sizeof(known_devices)/sizeof(rtlsdr_dongle_t); i++ ) {
-               if (known_devices[i].vid == vid && known_devices[i].pid == pid) {
-                       device = &known_devices[i];
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       return device;
-}
-
-uint32_t rtlsdr_get_device_count(void)
-{
-       int i;
-       libusb_context *ctx;
-       libusb_device **list;
-       uint32_t device_count = 0;
-       struct libusb_device_descriptor dd;
-       ssize_t cnt;
-
-       libusb_init(&ctx);
-
-       cnt = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &list);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-               libusb_get_device_descriptor(list[i], &dd);
-
-               if (find_known_device(dd.idVendor, dd.idProduct))
-                       device_count++;
-       }
-
-       libusb_free_device_list(list, 1);
-
-       libusb_exit(ctx);
-
-       return device_count;
-}
-
-const char *rtlsdr_get_device_name(uint32_t index)
-{
-       int i;
-       libusb_context *ctx;
-       libusb_device **list;
-       struct libusb_device_descriptor dd;
-       rtlsdr_dongle_t *device = NULL;
-       uint32_t device_count = 0;
-       ssize_t cnt;
-
-       libusb_init(&ctx);
-
-       cnt = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &list);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-               libusb_get_device_descriptor(list[i], &dd);
-
-               device = find_known_device(dd.idVendor, dd.idProduct);
-
-               if (device) {
-                       device_count++;
-
-                       if (index == device_count - 1)
-                               break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       libusb_free_device_list(list, 1);
-
-       libusb_exit(ctx);
-
-       if (device)
-               return device->name;
-       else
-               return "";
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_device_usb_strings(uint32_t index, char *manufact,
-                                  char *product, char *serial)
-{
-       int r = -2;
-       int i;
-       libusb_context *ctx;
-       libusb_device **list;
-       struct libusb_device_descriptor dd;
-       rtlsdr_dongle_t *device = NULL;
-       rtlsdr_dev_t devt;
-       uint32_t device_count = 0;
-       ssize_t cnt;
-
-       libusb_init(&ctx);
-
-       cnt = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &list);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-               libusb_get_device_descriptor(list[i], &dd);
-
-               device = find_known_device(dd.idVendor, dd.idProduct);
-
-               if (device) {
-                       device_count++;
-
-                       if (index == device_count - 1) {
-                               r = libusb_open(list[i], &devt.devh);
-                               if (!r) {
-                                       r = rtlsdr_get_usb_strings(&devt,
-                                                                  manufact,
-                                                                  product,
-                                                                  serial);
-                                       libusb_close(devt.devh);
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-
-       libusb_free_device_list(list, 1);
-
-       libusb_exit(ctx);
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_get_index_by_serial(const char *serial)
-{
-       int i, cnt, r;
-       char str[256];
-
-       if (!serial)
-               return -1;
-
-       cnt = rtlsdr_get_device_count();
-
-       if (!cnt)
-               return -2;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-               r = rtlsdr_get_device_usb_strings(i, NULL, NULL, str);
-               if (!r && !strcmp(serial, str))
-                       return i;
-       }
-
-       return -3;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_open(rtlsdr_dev_t **out_dev, uint32_t index)
-{
-       int r;
-       int i;
-       libusb_device **list;
-       rtlsdr_dev_t *dev = NULL;
-       libusb_device *device = NULL;
-       uint32_t device_count = 0;
-       struct libusb_device_descriptor dd;
-       uint8_t reg;
-       ssize_t cnt;
-
-       dev = malloc(sizeof(rtlsdr_dev_t));
-       if (NULL == dev)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       memset(dev, 0, sizeof(rtlsdr_dev_t));
-
-       libusb_init(&dev->ctx);
-
-       cnt = libusb_get_device_list(dev->ctx, &list);
-
-       for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-               device = list[i];
-
-               libusb_get_device_descriptor(list[i], &dd);
-
-               if (find_known_device(dd.idVendor, dd.idProduct)) {
-                       device_count++;
-               }
-
-               if (index == device_count - 1)
-                       break;
-
-               device = NULL;
-       }
-
-       if (!device) {
-               r = -1;
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       r = libusb_open(device, &dev->devh);
-       if (r < 0) {
-               libusb_free_device_list(list, 1);
-               fprintf(stderr, "usb_open error %d\n", r);
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       libusb_free_device_list(list, 1);
-
-       r = libusb_claim_interface(dev->devh, 0);
-       if (r < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "usb_claim_interface error %d\n", r);
-               goto err;
-       }
-
-       dev->rtl_xtal = DEF_RTL_XTAL_FREQ;
-
-       /* perform a dummy write, if it fails, reset the device */
-       if (rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_SYSCTL, 0x09, 1) < 0) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Resetting device...\n");
-               libusb_reset_device(dev->devh);
-       }
-
-       rtlsdr_init_baseband(dev);
-
-       /* Probe tuners */
-       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 1);
-
-       reg = rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(dev, E4K_I2C_ADDR, E4K_CHECK_ADDR);
-       if (reg == E4K_CHECK_VAL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Found Elonics E4000 tuner\n");
-               dev->tuner_type = RTLSDR_TUNER_E4000;
-               goto found;
-       }
-
-       reg = rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(dev, FC0013_I2C_ADDR, FC0013_CHECK_ADDR);
-       if (reg == FC0013_CHECK_VAL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Found Fitipower FC0013 tuner\n");
-               dev->tuner_type = RTLSDR_TUNER_FC0013;
-               goto found;
-       }
-
-       reg = rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(dev, R820T_I2C_ADDR, R820T_CHECK_ADDR);
-       if (reg == R820T_CHECK_VAL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Found Rafael Micro R820T tuner\n");
-               dev->tuner_type = RTLSDR_TUNER_R820T;
-
-               /* disable Zero-IF mode */
-               rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0xb1, 0x1a, 1);
-
-               /* only enable In-phase ADC input */
-               rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 0, 0x08, 0x4d, 1);
-
-               /* the R820T uses 3.57 MHz IF for the DVB-T 6 MHz mode, and
-                * 4.57 MHz for the 8 MHz mode */
-               rtlsdr_set_if_freq(dev, R820T_IF_FREQ);
-
-               /* enable spectrum inversion */
-               rtlsdr_demod_write_reg(dev, 1, 0x15, 0x01, 1);
-
-               goto found;
-       }
-
-       /* initialise GPIOs */
-       rtlsdr_set_gpio_output(dev, 5);
-
-       /* reset tuner before probing */
-       rtlsdr_set_gpio_bit(dev, 5, 1);
-       rtlsdr_set_gpio_bit(dev, 5, 0);
-
-       reg = rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(dev, FC2580_I2C_ADDR, FC2580_CHECK_ADDR);
-       if ((reg & 0x7f) == FC2580_CHECK_VAL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Found FCI 2580 tuner\n");
-               dev->tuner_type = RTLSDR_TUNER_FC2580;
-               goto found;
-       }
-
-       reg = rtlsdr_i2c_read_reg(dev, FC0012_I2C_ADDR, FC0012_CHECK_ADDR);
-       if (reg == FC0012_CHECK_VAL) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Found Fitipower FC0012 tuner\n");
-               rtlsdr_set_gpio_output(dev, 6);
-               dev->tuner_type = RTLSDR_TUNER_FC0012;
-               goto found;
-       }
-
-found:
-       if (dev->tuner_type == RTLSDR_TUNER_UNKNOWN) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "No supported tuner found\n");
-               rtlsdr_set_direct_sampling(dev, 1);
-       }
-
-       dev->tuner = &tuners[dev->tuner_type];
-       dev->tun_xtal = dev->rtl_xtal; /* use the rtl clock value by default */
-
-       if (dev->tuner->init)
-               r = dev->tuner->init(dev);
-
-       rtlsdr_set_i2c_repeater(dev, 0);
-
-       *out_dev = dev;
-
-       return 0;
-err:
-       if (dev) {
-               if (dev->ctx)
-                       libusb_exit(dev->ctx);
-
-               free(dev);
-       }
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_close(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* block until all async operations have been completed (if any) */
-       while (RTLSDR_INACTIVE != dev->async_status) {
-#ifdef _WIN32
-               Sleep(1);
-#else
-               usleep(1000);
-#endif
-       }
-
-       rtlsdr_deinit_baseband(dev);
-
-       libusb_release_interface(dev->devh, 0);
-       libusb_close(dev->devh);
-
-       libusb_exit(dev->ctx);
-
-       free(dev);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_reset_buffer(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_EPA_CTL, 0x1002, 2);
-       rtlsdr_write_reg(dev, USBB, USB_EPA_CTL, 0x0000, 2);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_read_sync(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, void *buf, int len, int *n_read)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       return libusb_bulk_transfer(dev->devh, 0x81, buf, len, n_read, BULK_TIMEOUT);
-}
-
-static void LIBUSB_CALL _libusb_callback(struct libusb_transfer *xfer)
-{
-       rtlsdr_dev_t *dev = (rtlsdr_dev_t *)xfer->user_data;
-
-       if (LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED == xfer->status) {
-               if (dev->cb)
-                       dev->cb(xfer->buffer, xfer->actual_length, dev->cb_ctx);
-
-               libusb_submit_transfer(xfer); /* resubmit transfer */
-       } else if (LIBUSB_TRANSFER_CANCELLED == xfer->status) {
-               /* nothing to do */
-       } else {
-               /*fprintf(stderr, "transfer status: %d\n", xfer->status);*/
-       }
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_wait_async(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, rtlsdr_read_async_cb_t cb, void *ctx)
-{
-       return rtlsdr_read_async(dev, cb, ctx, 0, 0);
-}
-
-static int _rtlsdr_alloc_async_buffers(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       unsigned int i;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (!dev->xfer) {
-               dev->xfer = malloc(dev->xfer_buf_num *
-                                  sizeof(struct libusb_transfer *));
-
-               for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i)
-                       dev->xfer[i] = libusb_alloc_transfer(0);
-       }
-
-       if (!dev->xfer_buf) {
-               dev->xfer_buf = malloc(dev->xfer_buf_num *
-                                          sizeof(unsigned char *));
-
-               for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i)
-                       dev->xfer_buf[i] = malloc(dev->xfer_buf_len);
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static int _rtlsdr_free_async_buffers(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       unsigned int i;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->xfer) {
-               for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i) {
-                       if (dev->xfer[i]) {
-                               libusb_free_transfer(dev->xfer[i]);
-                       }
-               }
-
-               free(dev->xfer);
-               dev->xfer = NULL;
-       }
-
-       if (dev->xfer_buf) {
-               for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i) {
-                       if (dev->xfer_buf[i])
-                               free(dev->xfer_buf[i]);
-               }
-
-               free(dev->xfer_buf);
-               dev->xfer_buf = NULL;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_read_async(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev, rtlsdr_read_async_cb_t cb, void *ctx,
-                         uint32_t buf_num, uint32_t buf_len)
-{
-       unsigned int i;
-       int r = 0;
-       struct timeval tv = { 1, 0 };
-       enum rtlsdr_async_status next_status = RTLSDR_INACTIVE;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (RTLSDR_INACTIVE != dev->async_status)
-               return -2;
-
-       dev->async_status = RTLSDR_RUNNING;
-
-       dev->cb = cb;
-       dev->cb_ctx = ctx;
-
-       if (buf_num > 0)
-               dev->xfer_buf_num = buf_num;
-       else
-               dev->xfer_buf_num = DEFAULT_BUF_NUMBER;
-
-       if (buf_len > 0 && buf_len % 512 == 0) /* len must be multiple of 512 */
-               dev->xfer_buf_len = buf_len;
-       else
-               dev->xfer_buf_len = DEFAULT_BUF_LENGTH;
-
-       _rtlsdr_alloc_async_buffers(dev);
-
-       for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i) {
-               libusb_fill_bulk_transfer(dev->xfer[i],
-                                         dev->devh,
-                                         0x81,
-                                         dev->xfer_buf[i],
-                                         dev->xfer_buf_len,
-                                         _libusb_callback,
-                                         (void *)dev,
-                                         BULK_TIMEOUT);
-
-               libusb_submit_transfer(dev->xfer[i]);
-       }
-
-       while (RTLSDR_INACTIVE != dev->async_status) {
-               r = libusb_handle_events_timeout(dev->ctx, &tv);
-               if (r < 0) {
-                       /*fprintf(stderr, "handle_events returned: %d\n", r);*/
-                       if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_INTERRUPTED) /* stray signal */
-                               continue;
-                       break;
-               }
-
-               if (RTLSDR_CANCELING == dev->async_status) {
-                       next_status = RTLSDR_INACTIVE;
-
-                       if (!dev->xfer)
-                               break;
-
-                       for(i = 0; i < dev->xfer_buf_num; ++i) {
-                               if (!dev->xfer[i])
-                                       continue;
-
-                               if (LIBUSB_TRANSFER_CANCELLED !=
-                                               dev->xfer[i]->status) {
-                                       libusb_cancel_transfer(dev->xfer[i]);
-                                       next_status = RTLSDR_CANCELING;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (RTLSDR_INACTIVE == next_status)
-                               break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       _rtlsdr_free_async_buffers(dev);
-
-       dev->async_status = next_status;
-
-       return r;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_cancel_async(rtlsdr_dev_t *dev)
-{
-       if (!dev)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* if streaming, try to cancel gracefully */
-       if (RTLSDR_RUNNING == dev->async_status) {
-               dev->async_status = RTLSDR_CANCELING;
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       /* if called while in pending state, change the state forcefully */
-       if (RTLSDR_INACTIVE != dev->async_status) {
-               dev->async_status = RTLSDR_INACTIVE;
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       return -2;
-}
-
-uint32_t rtlsdr_get_tuner_clock(void *dev)
-{
-       uint32_t tuner_freq;
-
-       if (!dev)
-               return 0;
-
-       /* read corrected clock value */
-       if (rtlsdr_get_xtal_freq((rtlsdr_dev_t *)dev, NULL, &tuner_freq))
-               return 0;
-
-       return tuner_freq;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_i2c_write_fn(void *dev, uint8_t addr, uint8_t *buf, int len)
-{
-       if (dev)
-               return rtlsdr_i2c_write(((rtlsdr_dev_t *)dev), addr, buf, len);
-
-       return -1;
-}
-
-int rtlsdr_i2c_read_fn(void *dev, uint8_t addr, uint8_t *buf, int len)
-{
-       if (dev)
-               return rtlsdr_i2c_read(((rtlsdr_dev_t *)dev), addr, buf, len);
-
-       return -1;
-}